Rhinoceros

Rhinoceros
Rhinoceros also known as rhino, is a group of five extant species of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae. Two of these species are native to Africa and three to southern Asia.The rhinoceros can run at a speed of 30 to 40 miles per hour.The rhino can live four to five days in the absence of water.
Range and habitat
Rhinoceros lives in Africa and southern Asia. Habitat - Savannahs, grasslands as well as tropical and subtropical forests.Black rhinos have various habitats, but mainly areas with dense, woody vegetation. White rhinos live in savannahs with water holes, mud wallows and shade trees.
Physical characteristics
Rhinoceroses are universally recognized because of their massive bodies, stumpy legs and either one or two dermal horns. But this animal is most famous for the fact that it has got a very thick hide.The most obvious distinguishing characteric of the rhinos is a large horn on the nose.
Size: The rhinoceros stands about 60 inches at the shoulder.
Weight: Black Rhino: 1 to 1½ tons. White Rhino: over 2 tons.
Size (Smallest) - The Sumatran rhinoceros is the smallest in height. It reaches a shoulder height of about 1.4 m. The weigh is about 1,000 kg.
Size (Largest) - The White rhinoceros can reach a shoulder height of up to 4 m. It weighs more than 2,500 kg.
Subspecies
Black Rhino (Diceros bicornis)
There are four subspecies of black rhino:
South-central (Diceros bicornis minor), the most numerous, which once ranged from central Tanzania south through Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique to northern and eastern South Africa.
South-western (Diceros bicornis bicornis) which are better adapted to the arid and semi-arid savannas of Namibia, southern Angola, western Botswana and western South Africa.
East African (Diceros bicornis michaeli), primarily in Tanzania.
West African (Diceros bicornis longipes) which was tentatively declared extinct in 2006.
White Rhino (Ceratotherium simum)
There are two subspecies of White Rhinos
Southern White Rhinoceros :South Africa has the most of the first subspecies, the Southern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum). The population of Southern White Rhinos is about 14,500, making them the most abundant subspecies of rhino in the world.
Northern White Rhinoceros :The population of the second subspecies, the critically endangered Northern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni), is down to as few as four individuals in the wild, and as of June 2008 this sub-species are thought to have become extinct in the wild.
Sumatran Rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)
The Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is the smallest extant rhinoceros species, as well as the one with the most fur, which allows it to survive at very high altitudes in Borneo and Sumatra. Due to habitat loss and poaching, its numbers have declined and it is one of the world's rarest mammals. About 275 Sumatran Rhinos are believed to remain.
Javan Rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus)
The Javan Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) is one of the rarest and most endangered large mammals anywhere in the world. According to 2002 estimates, only about 60 remain, in Java (Indonesia) and Vietnam. Of all the rhino species, the least is known of the Javan Rhino. These animals prefer dense lowland rain forest, tall grass and reed beds that are plentiful with large floodplains and mud wallows.
Indian Rhino (Rhinoceros unicornis)
The Indian Rhinoceros or the Greater One-horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) is now found almost exclusively in Nepal and North-Eastern India. The rhino once inhabited many areas of Pakistan to Burma and may have even roamed in China.
Diet
The rhino is herbivores. It eats grass, tender plants and other type of vegetation.  It eats a large variety of vegetation, including leaves, buds and shoots of plants, bushes and trees. The white rhino is a grazer feeding on grasses. The black rhino is a browser, with a triangular-shaped upper lip ending in a mobile grasping point. It eats a large variety of vegetation, including leaves, buds and shoots of plants, bushes and trees.
Reproduction
Its gestation period of 16 months.
Predatory
In the wild, adult rhinoceros have few natural predators other than humans. Young rhinos can fall prey to predators such as big cats, crocodiles, wild dogs, and hyena.
Life expectancy
Its life span is 35 to 40 years.